Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease with a strong genetic component. The androgen receptor (AR) is encoded by the AR gene and mediates the action of androgens, which play an important role in bone metabolism. Polymorphisms in the AR gene may be implicated in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis.Objectives: The present study aimed to explore the influence of the (CAG)n repeat polymorphism of AR</em...

Introduction: Transcription factor 7 like-2 (TCF7L2) gene variants (rs12255372 and rs7903146) have been consistently shown to raise genetic risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D). The aim of this study was to investigate the possible role of these variants in the development of dysglycemia (T2D or impaired fasting glucose (IFG)) in patients with metabolic syndrome (MS).Patients and methods: The study population consisted of 228 patients with MS who were...

Introduction: In glycolysis, glucose is converted into pyruvate. Patients with sepsis are prone to numerous metabolic alterations, including changes in carbohydrate metabolism.Aim: To assess glucose metabolism in septic patients during the first day of ICU hospitalisation and evaluate this vis-à-vis shock resolution.Subjects and methods: Ten patients with septic shock during the first day of ICU hospitalization were studied; m...

Introduction: Total thyroidectomy (TT) is a safe and effective operation. The most frequent complication after TT is hypoparathyroidism. Surgical trauma, devasculisation of parathyroid glands and inadvertent parathyroidectomy have been identified as the main causes resulting in postoperative hypocalcaemia. The objectives of this study are to investigate the incidence of intrathyroid parathyroid glands (ITPGs) in a large cohort and to clarify their histological characteristics....

Introduction: The cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) is encoded by the TNFα gene and stimulates bone resorption. TNFα is involved in the pathogenesis of bone loss associated with estrogen deficiency. Polymorphisms in the TNFα gene have been associated with bone mineral density (BMD) in different populations.Objectives: The present study aimed to explore the influence of the single-nucleotide polymorphism <em...

Introduction: Parathyroid adenoma is the most common cause of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) resulting in hypercalcemia and hypercalciuria due to autonomous secretion of PTH. Ectopic parathyroid adenoma, as a consequence of variability in the glandular tissue migration during the embryologic life or a supernumary fifth parathyroid gland, has an incidence of 25% among patients with PHPT. The incidence of deeply mediastinal ectopic parathyroid adenoma is 1–3%.<p cla...

Aim: Recent reports of adverse skin reactions in patients receiving dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors have increased awareness towards skin-targeting side effects. Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an autoimmune blistering dermatosis with significant morbidity and mortality. We report the development of BP in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) treated with DPP-4 inhibitors.Method: Evaluation of the temporal distribution of the frequency of BP...

Objective: The clinical phenotype of PCOS includes reproductive and hormonal aberrations. Visceral adiposity index (VAI) is an indicator which could connect hyperandrogenism and anovulation. The objective was to evaluate the relationship between VAI, menstrual disorders and hormonal, biochemical and ultrasound parameters in women with PCOS.Patients: 180 women with PCOS diagnosed with Rotterdam criteria.Measurements: We correlated V...

Introduction: Gonadotrophin-producing pituitary adenomas are usually non-functioning masses, and are not associated with elevated serum gonadotrophins. Functioning LH-producing gonadotroph pituitary adenomas are exceedingly rare in males, causing elevation of serum testosterone.Case report: We present an adult male who has been admitted to the emergency department a comatose state. Brain MRI revealed a large, lobulated mass of 6 cm caudal and 7.8 cm late...

Objective: To report the unusual presentation of a thyrotropinoma in a patient with: i) accelerated bone turnover, evident as osteopenia and increased serum alkaline phosphatase level, and ii) a pericardial effusion, years before diagnosis, that resolved completely following surgery and somatostatin analogue treatment.Case report: A 38-year-old man had been treated for years for presumed hypothyroidism with thyroxine supplementation based on elevated TSH...